Everything is formed because of habituation so it appears in this issue, namely the extent to which we get a positive trend that is not dominated by a negative thing.
The tendency of mental work
* PositiveIntuition is one positive thing. Intuition is the ability to know or recognize quickly and ready for the possibility that could occur in certain situations.
Nevertheless, it must be admitted that the decision-making is not enough just to rely on intuition. It would be better when combined with analytical and rational approach. Intuition is very useful especially in situations of decision making that risky or uncertain.
Creativity is also a positive trend. In decision making, creativity means developing unique responses related to problems and opportunities that exist at the time. It can develop when a person develops intuition.
* Positive-NegativeJudgmental heuristic is a form of assessment that is both simple (take shortcuts) in decision making. This has a positive value because it reflects the efficiency of mental work. However, this heuristic evaluation could result unfocused in the assessment so misleading in decision making.
At least there are two types of heuristic evaluation:
- Availability heuristic: judge something based solely on experience or information stored in the memory appraiser. For example, we decided to buy a certain product because a friend who experienced positive information with such products, although not necessarily fit with us.
- Representativeness heuristic: judge things based on the assumption has features in common with the characteristics of the group. For example, accepting a job applicant simply because he comes from a particular university that we know well. The problem is not all output alma mater is a reliable quality.
* NegativeNegative mental tendencies which covers a person's tendency to retain previous judgments or decisions despite feedback that does not support that assessment. This tendency is called an increase in commitments (escalating commitment).
Good decision makers know when he should change his decision, that is when he realizes that the decisions and commitments undertaken at this time it did not work very well.
Increased commitment to negative occurs when: (1) negative feedback is ignored, regarded as something temporary, (2) decision makers to protect the ego by not recognizing that the decision is wrong; (3) using a decision taken only to give a certain impression, eg wanting to be seen as head of the firm (thus taking authoritarian decisions).
Develop a positive Schermerhorn, Hunt & Osborn (1995) has adopted the tips to develop intuitive decision-analytical. Tips include three stages: relaxation techniques, mental training, and analytical techniques. All three can be done in a separate, but when we are really faced with a problem that must be decided the solution.
* Relaxation Technique
- Get rid of problems that exist for a while.
- Create quiet time for ourselves.
- Try to clear the mind (state of no-mind).
* Mental Exercise
- Use your imagination to guide our thinking.
- Let the ideas you have in mind to flow unimpeded.
- Train to accept a state of uncertainty (ambiguity) and receive also poor us to control it.
* Analytical Techniques
- Discuss the problems that exist with someone else who has a different perspective with us.
- Have the problems that existed at the time we are on full alert to deal with it.
- Take enough pause before making a final decision.
As Benjamin Franklin, we can make decisions effectively, wisely, and be accepted by many parties. To that end, in addition to the tips above, we also have to consider several criteria for ethical decisions :
* The decisions taken in such a way as to provide goodness not only to himself, but also to the many people involved.
* Does not violate the rights of others (right speech, privacy).
* Wearing a rule that is not unfocused (fair)
